Wausau Wire Region: Tribal Nations

Whether Ho-Chunk trust land lies inside Wood or Shawano counties, and how much, is not stated on any Ho-Chunk page fetched this session.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Community identifies itself as the Band of Mohican Indians, "People of the waters that are never still."

The Stockbridge-Munsee Community states its council fire and seat of government persist in Shawano County, Wisconsin.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal Council office is at N8476 MohHeConNuck Road, Bowler, WI 54416, open Monday to Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

The Stockbridge-Munsee constitution sets the governing body as a Tribal Council of a President, a Vice President, a Treasurer, and four council members, elected by popular referendum.

Under the Stockbridge-Munsee constitution, the President and Treasurer serve two-year terms and the Vice President and four council members serve one-year terms.

A Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal Council candidate must be a member, at least 25 years old, with one year of continuous residence in the community before the election.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal Council meets semiannually with community members on the first Saturday of May and November, and makes final decisions only at open regular or special meetings.

The Stockbridge-Munsee constitution was ratified on October 30, 1937, by a vote of 119 to 13 under the Indian Reorganization Act, and approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Interior on November 18, 1937.

Amendment No. 1 to the Stockbridge-Munsee constitution, adopted November 14, 1995, added member recall of council members and special elections to fill vacancies with more than 90 days left in a term.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal Council lists Shannon Holsey as President, Willy Miller as Vice-President, and Crystal L. Malone as Treasurer.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal Council lists Rainer Shooter, Terrance Miller, and Terrie Terrio as council members, with one council seat vacant.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Community posted a sample ballot for its 2026 tribal primary elections.

The Stockbridge-Munsee executive team lists Linda Katchenago as Tribal Administrator and Rainer Shooter as Executive Director.

The Stockbridge-Munsee timeline states the Treaty of 1856, signed by Sachem Ziba T. Peters, established the reservation in Red Springs and Bartelme in Shawano County, near Bowler.

The timeline states that in 1837, 250 Munsees from Canada joined the tribe, which was then called Stockbridge-Munsee.

The Stockbridge-Munsee timeline places the Mohican homeland in the Hudson River Valley, with removals through New Stockbridge, New York (1784) and Kaukauna, Wisconsin (1830) before the Shawano County reservation.

The timeline records a Lutheran Indian Mission Boarding School operating from 1906 to 1933.

The Lutheran Indian Mission, northeast of Gresham in Shawano County, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 22, 1980.

The Stockbridge-Munsee timeline records the Arvid E. Miller Library-Museum as founded in 1974; the Nation's museum page names it the official repository for the tribal archives, at N8510 MoHeConNuck Road, Bowler.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Community lists its enterprises as Little Star C-Store, Mohican LP, North Star Casino, and Pine Hills Golf and Supper Club.

North Star Mohican Casino Resort is at W12180 County Road A, Bowler, WI 54416, open 24 hours a day for guests 21 and older, with a hotel and an RV park.

Mohican LP Gas Company, owned and operated by the Stockbridge-Munsee Community since January 2006, states it serves over 300 customers from W13817 County Highway A, Bowler.

Pine Hills Golf Course, at N9499 Pine Hills Drive, Gresham, is an 18-hole, par 72 course.

Little Star Convenience Store is at W12140 County Highway A, Bowler.

The Mohican Gaming Commission has three members and licenses gaming employees, vendors, and facilities on the reservation under the tribal Gaming Ordinance and the Tribal/State Gaming Compact.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Community requires media questions in writing to its Tribal Liaison, and any official comment must be authorized by the tribal government.

The Stockbridge-Munsee Tribal Historic Preservation Office works in the Nation's homeland region, which spans parts of Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Vermont.

The ACS 2019-2023 5-year estimate of total population for the Stockbridge Munsee Community and Off-Reservation Trust Land is 669 (+/-136), of whom 578 (+/-120) live on the reservation itself.

The Towns of Red Springs and Bartelme, Shawano County, named in the 1856 treaty reservation, had 2020 census populations of 993 and 810, and the Village of Bowler had 320.

The Ho-Chunk Nation government has four branches: executive, legislative, judicial, and the General Council, based on its constitutions of 1963 and 1994.

The Ho-Chunk Nation also keeps a traditional government system based on a chief and clan system.

The Ho-Chunk Nation President holds executive power and is elected to a four-year term.

The Ho-Chunk Legislature has 13 legislators from four districts, three within Wisconsin and a fourth covering everywhere outside Wisconsin; legislators may serve up to two four-year terms, and the Vice President is a legislator.

The Ho-Chunk judicial branch has a three-justice Supreme Court, a Trial Court with three judges, and a Traditional Court, plus a drug court for alternative sentencing.

The Ho-Chunk Nation President is Jon Greendeer; the Office of the President is at W9814 Airport Road, Black River Falls, WI 54615.

The Ho-Chunk Legislative Branch page lists Lambert Cleveland, Jr. as Vice President among the District 3 legislators.

The Ho-Chunk Nation states the traditional lands of the Ho-Chungra span Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, and Illinois.

The Ho-Chunk Nekoosa Branch Office, at 916 Chahk Ha Chee Lane, Nekoosa, in Wood County, acts as a liaison between tribal members and support services such as medical transports, notary services, area meetings, and presidential listening sessions.

The Ho-Chunk Nation's directory lists Nekoosa facilities including the Cex-Haci health office, the Chak-Ha-Chee language office, a Youth and Learning Center on Winneshiek Lane, and the S'ak Hosto Woruc Ra tribal aging unit.

The Ho-Chunk Nation's directory lists Wittenberg facilities in Shawano County including the Siga Funmaker Community Center (W17634 Radke Road), the Pac Cinak Woruc Ra tribal aging unit, and the Wipamanker'da Head Start.

The Ho-Chunk Nation's directory lists a Wisconsin Rapids location at 240 South 7th Street.

The Ho-Chunk Nation's directory lists Whitetail Crossing locations in Nekoosa (949 County Road G) and Wittenberg (Highway 45 North).

Ho-Chunk Gaming, owned and operated by the Ho-Chunk Nation, lists seven Wisconsin locations: Beloit, Black River Falls, Madison, Nekoosa, Tomah, Wisconsin Dells, and Wittenberg.

Ho-Chunk Gaming Wittenberg has hotel rooms and sits right off Highway 29.

The ACS 2019-2023 5-year estimate of total population for the Ho-Chunk Nation Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land (Wisconsin and Minnesota) is 1,238 (+/-141).

The City of Nekoosa (Wood County) had a 2020 census population of 2,449 and the Village of Wittenberg (Shawano County) 1,015.

Hocak Worak is listed as a unit of the Ho-Chunk Nation executive branch administration.

The Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin is governed by a nine-member legislature elected by enrolled members, which elects a Chairperson, Vice Chairperson, and Secretary annually.

The Menominee Legislature page identifies Joey Awonohopay as Chairman, Dana Waubanascum as Vice-Chairwoman, and Daynell Grignon as Secretary.

The Menominee Legislature page also names Michael Fish Jr, Joan Delabreau, Marcus Grignon, Randal Chevalier, Kaycee Frechette, and Samantha Grignon as legislators.

The Menominee Tribal Judicial system, separate from and equal to the legislature, has a lower court and a supreme court with jurisdiction over all Native Americans within the reservation boundaries.

The seat of government of the Menominee Tribe is in the Village of Keshena, about 45 miles northwest of Green Bay, on the Menominee Indian Reservation.

The Menominee Indian Reservation covers 235,523 acres, about 357.96 square miles, and shares nearly coterminous boundaries with Menominee County.

The Menominee Nation states it has 8,551 tribal members on one line of its Brief History page and "over 8,700 members" further down the same page.

The Menominee Reservation includes five main communities: Keshena, Neopit, Middle Village, Zoar, and South Branch.

The Menominee Nation states the reservation includes over 407 miles of roads, 187 rivers and streams, 53 lakes, and over 219,000 acres of forest.

Congress terminated federal recognition of the Menominee in the 1950s, and the Tribe won it back through the Menominee Restoration Act, Public Law 93-197, on December 22, 1973.

The Menominee Nation states it held about 10 million acres at the start of the treaty era, reduced through seven treaties with the United States in the 1800s.

The Menominee Nation places its origin at the mouth of the Menominee River, about 60 miles east of the present reservation, where its five clans (Bear, Eagle, Wolf, Moose, and Crane) were created.

The Menominee Nation states that in the 1848 treaty it refused to leave what would become Wisconsin.

The Menominee Cultural Museum is open year-round, Monday to Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., and the Logging Museum is open May through October.

The Menominee Nation lists three chartered entities: the College of Menominee Nation, the Menominee Indian Gaming Authority, and the Wolf River Development Company.

The Menominee Indian Gaming Authority, chartered by Tribal Ordinance No. 97-06, operates the Tribe's gaming to fund governmental operations and programs, and points to the Menominee Nation Casino Resort.

The College of Menominee Nation was chartered by Menominee Tribal Ordinance No. 93-2 to provide higher education to the Menominee people.

The Wolf River Development Company runs the Menominee Nation's nongaming businesses, including Menominee Fuel Station, Save-A-Lot, Standing Pines and Standing Cedars convenience stores, Five Clans Lending, Four Directions Lending, and Primal Wood Products.

The ACS 2019-2023 5-year estimate of total population for the Menominee Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land is 3,524 (+/-193).

Menominee County borders the Wausau Wire edge counties of Langlade and Shawano, as well as Oconto County.